Arundel Castle, an iconic medieval fortress nestled in the heart of West Sussex, England, stands as a living testament to nearly a millennium of English history. Its commanding presence, perched majestically on a hill overlooking the River Arun and the rolling South Downs, offers visitors a captivating journey through time, from its Norman origins to its meticulous Victorian restoration. 

More than just a collection of ancient stones, Arundel Castle is a vibrant ancestral home, the seat of the Dukes of Norfolk and their predecessors, continuously inhabited for over 850 years. This article delves deep into the multifaceted allure of Arundel Castle, exploring its rich past, architectural splendor, magnificent gardens, and practical tips for an unforgettable visit in 2025.

A Glimpse into Arundel Castle’s Storied Past

The history of Arundel Castle is inextricably linked with some of the most pivotal moments in English history. Its foundations were laid shortly after the Norman Conquest, making it one of England’s oldest continuously inhabited country houses.

The Norman Origins: Foundation by Roger de Montgomery

The story of Arundel Castle begins on Christmas Day, 1067, when Roger de Montgomery, a loyal baron of William the Conqueror, was granted vast lands in Sussex, including the site where the castle now stands. As part of this significant award, he was tasked with constructing a new castle near the mouth of the River Arun to defend the approaches to Sussex from potential attacks.

The original structure was a classic motte-and-bailey castle. The motte, an artificial earthen mound over 100 feet high, was constructed in 1068, providing a formidable defensive position and strategic views of the coastline. This was soon followed by the construction of a gatehouse in 1070. These early fortifications were designed to deter invaders and secure the Norman hold on the region.

Royal Connections and Early Dynasties

Arundel Castle’s early history saw it frequently connected to the English Crown. King Henry I, in his will, settled the castle and its lands on his second wife, Adeliza of Louvain. Following Henry’s death, Adeliza married William d’Albini II, who was subsequently confirmed as the Earl of Arundel by King Henry II in 1155. It was d’Albini who began the process of transforming the earth and timber fortifications into a more permanent stone structure, building the impressive stone shell keep atop the Norman motte, a feature that still dominates the skyline today.

Through various heiresses, the castle passed from the d’Albinis to the Fitzalans in the 13th century, and then to the formidable Howard family in the 16th century. The Howards, particularly the Dukes of Norfolk, became one of England’s most prominent aristocratic families, deeply entangled in the political and religious upheavals of their time, from the Wars of the Roses to the Tudor period and the English Civil War.

Tumultuous Times: The English Civil War and Restoration

The 17th century brought significant challenges for Arundel Castle. During the English Civil War (1642-1645), the castle suffered considerable damage, being twice besieged – first by Royalist forces who took control, and then by Cromwell’s Parliamentarian army led by William Waller. These conflicts left the castle in a state of disrepair.

It wasn’t until the 18th century that serious restoration efforts began, initiated by Thomas, the 8th Duke of Norfolk. Further significant work was undertaken by Charles Howard, the 11th Duke, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. However, the most comprehensive and transformative restoration project was spearheaded by Henry, the 15th Duke of Norfolk, between the 1870s and 1890s. 

This ambitious undertaking almost completely rebuilt the house in a magnificent Gothic style, resulting in the splendid structure largely seen today, completed around 1900. This period also saw the introduction of modern amenities, making it one of the first English country houses to be fitted with electric light, integral fire fighting equipment, service lifts, and central heating.

Architectural Marvels of Arundel Castle

Arundel Castle’s architecture is a fascinating blend of its Norman origins and the grand Victorian Gothic revival. This unique fusion creates a visually stunning and historically rich experience for visitors.

The Norman Keep and Motte

The oldest and perhaps most iconic feature of the castle is the Norman motte and the stone shell built atop it. The motte, a massive artificial mound, rises over 100 feet from the dry moat, a testament to the engineering prowess of the Normans. 

Climbing to the top of the keep offers breathtaking panoramic views of the River Arun, the picturesque town of Arundel, and the expansive South Downs National Park. 

While the ascent of 131 steps can be challenging, the reward of the vista is well worth the effort. The narrow passageways leading to the top, a common defensive feature in medieval fortresses, still provide a sense of the castle’s original purpose.

Art and Collections: A Connoisseur’s Delight

Arundel Castle is not only a historical residence but also a significant art museum. Many of the impressive works on display were commissioned or acquired by the 14th Earl of Arundel, Thomas Howard, famously known as “The Collector Earl.” 

Visitors can admire portraits by renowned artists such as Van Dyck, Gainsborough, Mytens, Lawrence, and Reynolds, as well as captivating works by Canaletto. The castle also houses personal possessions of Mary, Queen of Scots, and a selection of historical, religious, and heraldic items from the Duke of Norfolk’s private collection.

The Regency Library and Grand Staircase

Among the architectural highlights within the castle is the Regency Library, considered one of the finest Regency interiors in the world. Its warm, inviting atmosphere is created by rich mahogany paneling and vaulting. 

While only a fraction of the original Arundel Library’s volumes remain, the room itself is a masterpiece of design. The Grand Staircase is another breathtaking work of craftsmanship, leading visitors past beautifully restored bedrooms, many of which retain their original Victorian-era baths, and are adorned with exquisite fabrics and tapestries.

The Enchanting Gardens of Arundel Castle

Beyond its imposing stone walls, Arundel Castle boasts an extensive and award-winning collection of gardens spanning 38 acres. These meticulously maintained spaces offer a delightful contrast to the castle’s grandeur, providing tranquility, vibrant colors, and diverse botanical wonders. The gardens have been widely recognized for their beauty and innovation, even being shortlisted for the Historic Houses Gardens of the Year Award 2025.

Diverse Themed Gardens

Arundel Castle’s gardens offer a diverse range of experiences, catering to every visitor’s preference:

The Collector Earl’s Garden: Opened in 2008, this formal garden is a light-hearted tribute to Thomas Howard, the 14th Earl of Arundel. Designed by Julian and Isabel Bannerman, it is an imaginative re-creation of what the Earl’s garden at Arundel House in London might have looked like. It features stunning oak pagodas, the whimsical Oberon’s Palace with its floating crown, water fountains, and rills that evoke the local River Arun.

The English Rose Garden: A sensory delight, this garden is filled with a wonderful selection of scented David Austin Roses, including varieties like Penelope Lively, Young Lycidas, and Emily Bronte. Gothic gates and archways frame the castle backdrop, creating a truly romantic setting.

The Fitzalan Chapel White Garden: Offering a serene and tranquil escape, this garden features stunning white and cool-colored plants, including roses like William and Catherine, Tranquillity, and Iceberg.

The Tropical Garden: A surprising oasis, this garden showcases exotic plants, taking advantage of the castle walls to trap heat and create a microclimate for subtropical borders.

The Stumpery: A quirky and unique garden featuring upturned tree stumps, creating a whimsical and textured landscape.

The Organic Kitchen Garden: A productive and beautiful space with an original 1852 Vine House, cultivating a variety of fruits, vegetables, and herbs.

The Water Gardens: Recently restored from the historic ‘Stew Ponds’, these gardens feature over 1,500 water plants, a charming roundhouse, and a boathouse, all connected by paths and bridges. A new Dipping Pond opened in 2025, showcasing the biodiversity of pond life.

Real-Life Examples and Practical Tips for Visitors

To make your visit to Arundel Castle truly memorable, consider these practical tips and real-life examples from past visitors.

Maximizing Your Visit

Allocate Ample Time: Arundel Castle and its extensive gardens can easily occupy a full day. Many visitors recommend allocating at least 3-4 hours to explore thoroughly.

Start Early: Arriving shortly after opening allows you to experience the castle and gardens before the biggest crowds arrive, particularly during peak season or event days.

Wear Comfortable Shoes: You’ll be doing a lot of walking, especially if you plan to climb the Keep and explore all the garden areas.

Embrace the Gardens: Don’t just focus on the castle interior. The gardens are a major attraction in themselves, offering diverse beauty throughout the seasons.

Real-Life Examples of Visitor Experiences

Family Fun: Many families rave about the medieval events, noting how they bring history to life for children. “My kids absolutely loved the jousting tournament,” commented one visitor in a recent review. “It was so immersive and engaging, far better than just reading about history.”

Garden Enthusiasts: “The tulip festival in April was absolutely stunning,” shared another visitor. “I could have spent hours just wandering through the vibrant displays. The attention to detail in every garden section is incredible.”

History Buffs: “Climbing the Keep offered such a profound sense of history,” recounted a history enthusiast. “Standing where Norman lords once stood, overlooking the same landscape, was truly moving. The collections inside the castle are also meticulously curated.”

Accessibility Considerations: “The buggy service from the car park was a lifesaver for my elderly mother,” noted a visitor with mobility needs. “And we appreciated the lifts within the castle, allowing her to see much of the interior. While the Keep wasn’t accessible for her, there was still plenty to enjoy.”

FAQ

Is Arundel Castle suitable for families with young children?

Yes, Arundel Castle is very family-friendly. It offers various activities and events throughout the season designed for all ages, including medieval festivals, history days with interactive crafts, and characters from history. The extensive grounds provide plenty of space for children to explore, and dedicated family-friendly facilities are available. Note that unaccompanied under-16s are not permitted and must be accompanied by an adult.

How long should I plan for a visit to Arundel Castle?

To fully experience Arundel Castle and its gardens, it is recommended to allocate at least 3 to 4 hours. Many visitors find they can easily spend a full day exploring the castle rooms, climbing the Keep, wandering through the various themed gardens, and enjoying any events or exhibitions that may be taking place.

Are there any specific areas of Arundel Castle that will be closed in 2025?

Yes, for the 2025 season, the Victoria Bedroom is closed for major refurbishment. Additionally, specific castle rooms or dining areas may have temporary closures on certain dates, particularly around event days. It is always advisable to check the “Opening Times & Prices” section on the official Arundel Castle website before your visit for the most up-to-date information on any closures.

What is the best way to get to Arundel Castle by public transport?

Arundel Castle is conveniently located near Arundel train station, which is approximately 0.5 miles from the castle entrance. From the station, it’s a short walk to the castle. Arundel also has bus services connecting it to nearby towns. Checking local bus schedules is recommended for specific routes and timings.

Final Thoughts

Arundel Castle is more than just a historical landmark; it is a captivating journey through centuries of English heritage, a living testament to architectural evolution, and a vibrant cultural hub. From its imposing Norman Keep to its meticulously restored Victorian interiors and award-winning gardens, every corner of Arundel Castle tells a story. The continuous habitation by the Dukes of Norfolk adds a unique layer of authenticity, allowing visitors to glimpse into a living aristocratic tradition.

In 2025, with its array of immersive historical events, renewed focus on its stunning gardens, and continued dedication to accessibility, Arundel Castle remains a must-visit destination for anyone seeking to explore the rich tapestry of England’s past. Its blend of grandeur, natural beauty, and living history ensures that every visit leaves a lasting impression, cementing its place as one of the UK’s most cherished treasures.

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